![]() Occasional nightmares aren't usually a cause for concern. Having a child with nightmare disorder can cause significant sleep disturbance and distress for parents or caregivers. Behavior problems related to bedtime or fear of the dark.Problems functioning at work or school or in social situations.Daytime sleepiness, fatigue or low energy.Problems with concentration or memory, or you can't stop thinking about images from your dreams.Major distress or impairment during the day, such as anxiety or persistent fear, or bedtime anxiety about having another nightmare.Nightmares are only considered a disorder if you experience: Your dream causes distress that keeps you from falling back to sleep easily.You can think clearly upon awakening and can recall details of your dream.You feel sweaty or have a pounding heartbeat while in bed.You feel scared, anxious, angry, sad or disgusted as a result of your dream.Your dream storyline is usually related to threats to safety or survival, but it can have other disturbing themes.Your dream seems vivid and real and is very upsetting, often becoming more disturbing as the dream unfolds.Episodes are generally brief, but they cause you to awaken, and returning to sleep can be difficult. Nightmares may occur rarely or more frequently, even several times a night. One of the reasons, also, is that you might know a lot of individual English words and even grammar points, but you’re not sure how to put it all together into a sentence for speaking normally in a conversation.You're more likely to have a nightmare in the second half of your night. A lot of English learners are scared to speak English because they are scared of making mistakes. When expressing regret and bad news in a diplomatic way we say, “I’m afraid.” Then, optionally we can add the word that. When talking about an adjective describing something, we use the adjective scary. The word “that” is optional in this case.Īfraid and scared have the same meaning when talking about fear and we say afraid of, scared of, afraid to, scared to do something. I’m afraid your order has been delayed or I’m afraid that your order has been delayed. After using I’m afraid in this context, we can use the word “that” or not. Or if someone comes up to you on the street and asks you for directions, but you are not familiar with the area, you might say, “I’m afraid I can’t help you.” It means I’m sorry, but I can’t help you. I’m afraid that your order has been delayed. That you regret having to give this customer bad news. It’s just a diplomatic way to express some bad news. If you work for a company that sends out products and a customer calls because they haven’t received their product and you check the system and it seems that there’s been a delay, you might tell the customer, “I’m afraid that your order has been delayed.” In this case it does not refer to fear. That is to express regret or deliver bad news. There is one more way we use afraid where we use only afraid and not scared. I think it’s much more common to use scary as an adjective to describe the thing. You can say, “That movie is scary,” or, “That’s a scary movie.” Scary is the most common way to say it here. Now, if we want to use these words as an adjective to describe something that causes fear, the most common way to say it is scary. I’m afraid to or I’m scared to something in the future. I’m afraid of or scared of speaking in public. I’m afraid of or I’m scared of an activity in the “ing” form. There you have three different ways to use afraid and scared when talking about fear. Or what if you’re afraid or scared of something in the future? Well, then you can say, “I’m afraid,” or, “I’m scared to do something.” If you haven’t been to the dentist in a very long time and you fear that you might need a lot of painful dental work you might say, “I’m scared to go to to the dentist.” Or if there’s a guy who is attracted to a woman and he wants to ask her out on a date, but he’s nervous, he’s afraid, then he could say, “I’m afraid to ask her out.” Ask someone out means to ask someone out on a romantic date. I’m scared of dying. That’s how we use afraid and scared when talking about fear of an activity. We would say that activity in the “ing” form. We can also be afraid of or scared of an activity. Okay? Remember that after I’m afraid and I’m scared when talking about fear, we use the preposition “of”. You can say, “I’m afraid of spiders,” or, “I’m scared of heights.” That means I’m scared of being in high places. We can be afraid of or scared of an object or a situation. Well, in one sense I’m afraid and I’m scared are the same. Is there any difference between them? How do we use these in spoken English? Today I want to answer a student question about the phrases I’m afraid and I’m scared. Everyday English Speaking Courses Transcript
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